Мухаммад пие и извършва очистване с вино

PLEASE NOTE: This page has been reviewed and the original claim removed

The original writer or writers of this page had attempted to use some hadiths and a verse from the Qur'an to make a case that Muhammad drank and performed ablution with fermented date wine. The claim was not in fact justified by the evidence they provided, and other evidence, which they ommitted, refuted their claim. Hence, the claim has been removed and the problems with the claim briefly described below so that those who revisit the page will see, and so that others do not repeat the mistake. All internal links to this page have been removed.

The original article included classical Arabic dictionary definitions of nabidh, khamr, and sakaran (the 3rd one appears in Коран 16:67). These definitions have been retained at the end of this article for reference.

The most important problem with the article is that it omitted highly relevant hadiths that show that Muhammad said only to drink nabidh (a drink consisting of dates / raisens mixed with water) that was not intoxicant (i.e. had not fermented).

The word translated 'intoxicant' is muskiran (from the same root as sakaran). The next two hadiths in Sahih Muslim are very similar (Сахих Муслим - 23:4953(англ.),Сахих Муслим - 23:4954(англ.)), as also is Сахих Муслим - 22:4866(англ.). Very similar versions of the hadith appear also in Sunan ibn Majah (Sunan ibn Majah, English, Volume 4, Book 30, Hadith 3401 and Volume 4, Book 30, Hadith 3405)

Other problems with the original article

The other article problems included:

• They cited a hadith in which Muhammad drank 'wine' and another one in which he performed ablution with wine. In both cases the word they translate as 'wine' is nabidh in the Arabic. As they even explained later using a definition from Lisan al-Arab, an important classical arabic dictionary, nabidh is a date wine (or drink), but can be intoxicant or not intoxicant (i.e. fermented or not fermented).
• With the 1st hadith, Muhammad asks if the nabidh had been covered with a twig before drinking. Another hadith sheds light on the meaning here, that the twig is supposed to keep devils from loosening the covering of the container Сахих Муслим - 23:4991(англ.). In light of the hadiths above which they omitted from the original article, this was likely unfermented nabidh.
• The 2nd hadith about ablution is graded weak in all of the major collections in which it appears.
• A 3rd hadith from Sahih Muslim was cited in which Muhammad drank freshly prepared nabidh from the evening of one day until the afternoon of the next, and then if any was left, he gave it to his servant or disposed of it. Again, this very likely supports the case that he only drank nabidh until it might have started to ferment.
• This 4th hadith cited is the same as the 3rd, but a slightly different version from Abu Dawud's collection, in which Muhammad drinks the freshly prepared nabidh for 3 days, but like the other version, anything left is then given away or disposing of. This is much the same as the 3 hadiths in Sahih Muslim that follow after the one they cited in the 3rd hadith. As with the 3rd hadith, it actually supports the case that Muhammad only drank nabidh until it might have started to ferment.
• At the end of the article, a 5th hadith is cited in which Muhammad poured water into nabidh when he was thirsty. It was suggested that this showed Muhammad allowed himself to drink fermented nabidh, but so long as he diluted it to avoid becoming intoxicated. This is a possible interpretation, but the evidence is so vague as to allow little more than speculation. More importantly perhaps, they did not mention that the hadith is graded as weak.
• They claimed that they will show Muhammad not only drank nabidh, but also khamru (strong drink). They fail to do so, and only cite Коран 16:67, which only says that the listeners of the Qur'an verse drink intoxicating beverage (sakaru), but does not say that Muhammad did so.

These are the hadiths cited in the original article and mentioned in the list of article problems above:

Here is the Abu Dawud version of the same hadith which they also cited and in which Muhammad drank the nabidh for three days:

Translation: Raisin was younbaz (prepared to be nabeez) and he drank it, the same day, the following day and the day after till the evening of the third day. Then he commanded that the servants would drink from it or to be poured down.

Dictionary definitions of nabidh, khamr, and sakaran (retained from original article)

These dictionary definitions, translations, and comments (some comments have been removed) are from the original article. Notice in the 2nd quote from Lisan al-Arab that it says nabidh can be "intoxicant or without intoxicant" (the word 'intoxicant' is musakrin, from the same root as sakaran defined further below).

Translation: "It is called nabeezen because whoever takes it, he takes dates or raisin and yanbuzu (the act ) in a pot or something like that (sekaa) and adds water to them and leaves them till they ferment يفور and they become intoxicant."

From the above definition we can understand that nabeez can be intoxicant and causes intoxication. In the same dictionary (Lesan Al-Arab) لسان العرب we read that:

Translation: “Entabaztuhu (the past tense from entabaza) …… taken as nabeezen whether it is intoxicant or not, it is called nabeezen and alkhamr (strong drink) squeezed from vine is called nabeez and the nabeez is called khamr (strong drink)”

Now let us see what the dictionary say about the word khamr (strong drink).

Translation: Alkhamr (the strong drink) what has become intoxicant from the juice of vine because it has affected the mind.

On the same page, Abu Haneefa أبو حنيفة said Al-Khamr could be from grains …. Ibn Sayadahu ابن سيده said that he allowed that as in fact al khamr is made only from wine and not from any other thing.

Translation: The Arabs call vine khamren ; he said : I think so because it is made from it. Abu Haneefa said so and it is a language from Yemen. It is said in the Koran 12:36 “I see myself (in a dream ) pressing wine [Abdullah Yusuf Ali Translation]. Alkhamr here is the wine. (Vine-grapes)

Translation: Al-khmru: what has become intoxicant from pressing wine or general

Translation: Ibn Al-Arabi ابن الاعرابى said: Al-Khamru was called Khamren as it was left and it became fermented (intoxicant) and it is said so as it affects the mind.

As we can see from the above two definitions, Al-khamr and Al-nabeez are both left to be prepared in a liquid form but al-nabeez can be intoxicant or not depending on the number of days while al-khamr is always intoxicant.

Another point is that Abu Haneefa considers that Al khamr is made only from pressing wine (vine) and any other thing is not considered khamren. In other words, any other thing is considered nabeez as it is not made from vine (wine or grapes) even if it is intoxicant.

Let us now see what is sakaran, because the translation of Abdullah Yusuf Ali for Коран 16:67 says:

This translation is not correct at all and is even misleading.

Translation of the above:

Translation of this Qur'anic verse by Mamaduke Pickthall or Arthur J. Arberry says “you take there from an intoxicant and a provision fair.”.

Continuing:

See Also

• Alcohol - Страница, която води до други статии, свързани с Alcohol

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